More than 800 Indian nationals lost their lives in workplace accidents overseas between 2023 and 2025, according to data released by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). The figures have drawn fresh attention after a blast in Qatar last month claimed the lives of 12 Indian workers. The data shows that Gulf countries accounted for more than half of all workplace accident deaths involving Indian nationals during the three-year period.

The MEA data revealed that nearly 55% of these workplace fatalities occurred in Gulf countries. On average, almost three Indian workers died every week in the region between 2023 and 2025. The figures highlight the continued risks faced by Indian migrant workers employed across several Gulf nations.

Saudi Arabia reported the highest number of workplace accident deaths, with 182 Indian nationals losing their lives during the period. The United Arab Emirates recorded the second-highest number with 128 fatalities. Together, these two countries accounted for nearly 39% of all workplace accident deaths involving Indians working abroad.

The data also showed that Gulf countries recorded the highest number of suicides involving Indian nationals living overseas. The figures have raised concerns about the living and working conditions faced by migrant workers in the region. Welfare groups believe these incidents reflect the difficult circumstances experienced by many workers employed in Gulf countries.

The Telangana NRI Migrants' Association linked the recurring workplace deaths to several reasons. The association pointed to inadequate use of safety equipment, poor compliance with workplace safety rules, technical failures at industrial sites and limited skill and safety training. It said these factors continue to increase the risk of accidents across different industries.

The association also highlighted the impact of extreme weather conditions on workers. It said many Indian workers perform their duties in temperatures exceeding 45 degrees Celsius. After completing their shifts, they often return to accommodation maintained at around 20 degrees Celsius. According to the association, sudden temperature differences of 20 to 25 degrees Celsius can result in serious health complications.

A large number of Indian migrant workers in Gulf countries are employed in sectors such as construction, retail, warehouses and automobiles. These industries involve physically demanding work and expose workers to higher occupational risks. Welfare groups believe stronger safety measures and better awareness can help reduce accidents in these sectors.

Speaking to The Times of India, Manda Bheem Reddy, vice-chairman of the Telangana NRI Cell, highlighted another concern related to worker safety. He said, "At times, workers neglect their own safety by failing to wear protective gear such as helmets, boots and gloves while working in hazardous industries. In several cases, they are unaware of the risks."

The Telangana NRI Migrants' Association also raised concerns over the rising number of suicides among Indian workers abroad. The association said cramped living spaces, poor-quality food and demanding work schedules have contributed to growing mental stress among migrant workers. It said these conditions continue to affect the overall well-being of many workers employed overseas.

B M Vinod Kumar, chairman of the Telangana government's NRI Advisory Committee, spoke about the financial difficulties faced by many workers. He said, "Also, workers often go without salaries for up to three months while putting in shifts of 12 hours a day. Even when wages are paid, deductions are common, adding to their stress."

Vinod Kumar also alleged that some employers avoid responsibility after workplace deaths. According to him, certain employers classify such deaths as "natural causes," including heart attacks, instead of acknowledging them as workplace incidents. He also claimed that only a limited number of employers provide compensation through insurance coverage, leaving many affected families without adequate financial support.

The Ministry of External Affairs said the government places high priority on the safety and welfare of Indians living and working abroad. It stated that several mechanisms are already in place to help Indian workers seek assistance whenever required. The ministry said Indian missions continue to work closely with workers and address their concerns.

Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singh informed the Rajya Sabha that the government has established Pravasi Bharatiya Sahayata Kendras in New Delhi, Dubai, Riyadh and Jeddah to support Indian nationals overseas.

He said, "There are dedicated labour wings... Indian missions regularly organise open house and consular camps in remote areas to get feedback from the workers..."

The minister also informed the House that the government has taken additional steps to improve the safety of women workers travelling to Gulf countries. He said only state-run agencies are permitted to recruit female workers holding Emigration Check Required (ECR) passports through the e-Migrate portal. The measure aims to strengthen oversight of recruitment and improve the protection of women migrant workers employed in the Gulf region.