The Department of Biotechnology and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) have formalised their collaboration through a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) aimed at advancing space biotechnology research. This partnership will focus on several key areas, including microgravity research, space bio-manufacturing, bioastronautics, and space biology. The initiatives under this MoU are particularly relevant to Gaganyaan, India's ambitious human spaceflight program led by ISRO.

According to Hanamantray Baluragi, Director of the Human Space Programme at ISRO, the primary challenges faced in space missions encompass the continuous availability of nutrients, food preservation, microgravity effects, and radiation exposure. Additionally, health risks such as cancers, cataracts, and loss of bone and muscle mass are significant concerns. The collaboration established by this MoU aims to leverage biotechnology to address these critical issues, ultimately enhancing the safety and sustainability of space missions. ISRO Chairman S. Somanath emphasised that the primary goal is to establish a business case and create an ecosystem in India to support future concepts of space colonization.

“The ecosystem in India should change. We cannot lag behind,” he said, adding that India should also pursue research on terraforming and other capabilities. “I have been saying India needs a space biologist,” he said.

The MoU represents a strategic step towards incorporating biotechnology into space missions, potentially transforming how humans live and operate in extraterrestrial settings. This collaboration is anticipated to promote innovation and research that will be crucial for the long-term exploration of space beyond Earth.