The Modi government presented the One Nation, One Election Bill in the Lok Sabha on Tuesday. The bill was passed after a vote, with 269 members in favour and 198 against. The proposed law aims to hold elections for the Lok Sabha and state Assemblies at the same time, which is a major step toward electoral reform.

The Bill was met with considerable opposition from the Opposition INDIA group, which claimed that the government had not obtained the necessary two-thirds majority for such actions. However, legislative processes indicate that the introduction of Constitutional Amendment Bills may not require a special majority. Meanwhile, Amit Shah, the Union Home Minister, and Arjun Ram Meghwal, the Parliamentary Affairs Minister, defended the Bill, saying that a joint parliamentary committee would review it in detail. 

  The administration, led by the Bharatiya Janata Party, is pushing for electoral changes to lower election expenses and administrative difficulties, and this includes the Bill's tabling. Opposition leaders denounced the action as an attempt to weaken federalism and consolidate authority, sparking contentious discussions during the Winter Session of Parliament. Congress leaders called for the Bill's immediate withdrawal, while Samajwadi Party MP Dharmendra Yadav referred to it as "an assault on India's diversity and democratic structure." 

In response to the critique, Law Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal emphasised how the Bill may simplify governance by lowering the number of elections.“One Nation, One Election will bring efficiency in policy implementation and reduce the burden on resources,” he said. If the Bill is approved, it will significantly alter India's electoral system by gradually aligning Lok Sabha and Assembly elections. However, there are challenges, with Opposition parties urging for more discussions and questioning its constitutional feasibility.